Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing
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چکیده
Continuing technologic and medical advances in the detection, treatment, and prevention of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection require an ongoing assessment and review of necommendations relating to pediatric HIV infection, including issues that involve prenatal and peninatal HIV counseling and testing. Changes in the epidemiology of HIV infection in women require that prenatal testing necommendations based on risk group and geographic prevalence be reconsidered. The following factors support the importance of the evaluation of HIV infection status in reproductive-age women and newborns: the recent finding that administration of zidovudine to some HIV-infected pregnant women and their newbonns significantly reduced peninatal transmission of HIV,’ the requirement that prophylaxis to prevent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia be initiated in the first few months of life for maximal efficacy, improvements in diagnostic confirmation of pediatric HIV infection in early infancy, and the recommendation that HIV-infected women should not breast-feed their infants if safe alternatives are available.
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